Why would you claim exemption from withholding

In some instances, even if you claim zero withholding allowances, you may not have enough tax withheld. You may, upon agreement with your employer, have more ...

Why would you claim exemption from withholding. These instructions will help you complete the Fringe benefits tax (FBT) return 2017. They include information on: how to complete your FBT return if you are a taxable employer or are a not-for-profit employer. how to complete the Fringe benefit categories section on your return. where to locate the calculation rates.

17 mar 2006 ... ... would reduce his or her exemptions by one). Employer's Obligations ... A W-4 claiming "exempt" from withholding is only good until February ...

Under federal rules, you must demonstrate that you provided at least 50% of a dependent's support in order to claim an exemption for the dependent. Because your share of the federal adjusted gross income ($10,000) is only 20% of the joint income reported ($50,000.), it is unlikely that you could prove 50% support for any of the dependents.Filing a Withholding Exemption. If you claim your retirement pay should be entirely exempt from Federal Income Tax Withholding (FITW), the IRS requires that you re-certify this status each year by submitting a new W-4 Form. If you do not re-certify your "Exempt" status, your FITW status will default to "Single" with zero exemptions.No, it's not a good idea to claim you're exempt simply in order to get a bigger paycheck. By certifying you are exempt, your employer wouldn't withhold any federal income tax amounts during the year, and that would result in a large tax bill due in April. ... This is the good part - you can complete a new W-4 at any time to change the ...You may also claim exemption from withholding if you are a military spouse and meet the conditions set forth under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act as amended by the Military Spouses Residency Relief Act and the Veterans Benefits andTransition Act. If you are a dependent who is under 18 or a full-time student, you may owe tax if your income …Under federal rules, you must demonstrate that you provided at least 50% of a dependent's support in order to claim an exemption for the dependent. Because your share of the federal adjusted gross income ($10,000) is only 20% of the joint income reported ($50,000.), it is unlikely that you could prove 50% support for any of the dependents.An exemption refers to the deduction allowed by the law to reduce the amount of income that would otherwise be taxed. It is a legal deduction from the income …Exemption from withholding. You may claim exemption from withholding for 2019 if both of the following apply. • For 2018 you had a right to a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you had no tax liability, and For 2019 you expect a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you expect to have no tax liability.No, it's not a good idea to claim you're exempt simply in order to get a bigger paycheck. By certifying you are exempt, your employer wouldn't withhold any federal income tax amounts during the year, and that would result in a large tax bill due in April. ... This is the good part - you can complete a new W-4 at any time to change the ...

Small and medium-sized enterprise ( SME) R&D tax relief. You can claim SME R&D tax relief if you’re a SME with both of the following: a turnover of under 100 million euros or a balance sheet ...A withholding allowance is an exemption that reduces how much income tax an employer deducts from an employee’s paycheck. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-4 is used to calculate and...above, use Form 8233 to claim a tax treaty exemption and/or the personal exemption amount. For services in (2) above, use Form 8233 only to claim a tax treaty exemption for any part of your compensation that is exempt from withholding; use Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate, to claim the personal exemption amount.You are a calendar year taxpayer. If your only income is from regular employment, you can claim exemption (and owe no tax) for any calendar year in which you receive (date of paycheck) $12,200 or less ($12,400 in 2020). If you reasonably expect to make at least $12,400 in 2020, you should not claim exempt. meijichocolate- • 3 yr. ago.above, use Form 8233 to claim a tax treaty exemption and/or the personal exemption amount. For services in (2) above, use Form 8233 only to claim a tax treaty exemption for any part of your compensation that is exempt from withholding; use Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate, to claim the personal exemption amount.There are several reasons why no federal income tax was withheld from your paycheck. You might have claimed exemption from withholding on your Form W-4, or your income might be too low to warrant any withholding. Additionally, if you're an independent contractor, taxes aren't typically withheld from your pay. 2.Filing Exempt. If you are filing exempt for tax purposes, you will need to indicate as such on the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-4, which will estimate the amount that should be withheld from your paycheck depending on certain tax information that you provide. However, even if you only made $10 in the prior year, you cannot claim an ...Employees who want to claim exempt from Missouri income tax must use the following form: Form MO W-4, Employee’s Withholding Certificate. To claim tax-exempt status, employees must use this form. Employees must check the appropriate boxes designating why they should be exempt from income tax withholding.

Q14. If I meet the conditions to claim exempt from North Carolina withholding, why do I have to complete a new NC-4EZ or NC-4 each year? A14. North Carolina law requires income tax to be withheld from all wages; however, the law does allow an exemption from withholding if certain conditions are met. BecauseEstimate how much you will earn in 2022, google "2022 tax estimator" and see if you can expect to owe in 2022. If you do, then you cannot claim exempt. Your tax withholding does not change your tax liability, but if you expect to owe taxes, you are also expected to pay them as you go during the year and may face penalties if you under-withhold. 2.2019 Prior Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate. Q1: In the past, as an employer, I was required to submit all Forms W-4 that claimed complete exemption from withholding (when $200 or more in weekly wages were regularly expected) or claimed more than 10 allowances.Exemption from New York State and New York City withholding. To claim exemption from New York State and City withholding taxes, you must certify the following conditions in writing: You must be under age 18, or over age 65, or a full-time student under age 25 and. You did not have a New York income tax liability for the previous year; and.If the employee qualifies and wishes to continue being exempt from federal income tax withholding, the employee must complete a new Form W-4 and submit it the Payroll Office by the deadline indicated in the notification. To determine if you are eligible to claim exempt on your W-4, see the Exemption from Withholding section of IRS Publication 515.

Ally community.

2019 Prior Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate. Q1: In the past, as an employer, I was required to submit all Forms W-4 that claimed complete exemption from withholding (when $200 or more in weekly wages were regularly expected) or claimed more than 10 allowances.Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate. ▷ Whether you're entitled to claim a certain number of allowances or exemption from withholding is subject to ...• Qualify to claim exempt status (See Lines 3 or 4 below) Important. If you plan to claim N.C. itemized deductions or plan to claim other N.C. deductions (other than the N.C. Child Deduction Amount), you must complete Form NC-4. If you are a nonresident alien, you must complete Form NC-4 NRA. In general, a nonresident alien is an alien (not a ...This form allows each employee to claim allowances or an exemption to Montana wage withholding when applicable. ... Complete Form MW-4 and provide to your employer, if you: are a newly hired employee, or; claim to be exempt from Montana income tax withholding. Consider completing a new Form MW-4 if your personal or financial …Calculating Your Total Withholding for the Year. Take your new withholding amount per pay period and multiply it by the number of pay periods remaining in the year. Next, add in how much federal income tax has already been withheld year to date. This total represents approximately how much total federal tax will be withheld from …

If you claim "Exempt" on your new W-4 form for the bonus payment, remember to submit a new W-4 form with your regular withholding allowances after you receive the bonus income.Employees must report the above-listed information on a Form M-4 - Employee's Withholding Exemption Certificate and claim the proper number of exemptions. Employees can change the number of their exemptions on Form M-4 by filing a new certificate at any time if the number of exemptions increases.Colorado form DR 0004 does not allow exempt claims, but an employee with federal withholding could have zero Colorado withholding if the annual allowance on form DR 0004 Line 2 is greater than or equal to the employee’s income. A nonresident spouse of a U.S. servicemember may claim exempt for Colorado withholding by completing form DR 1059. If you claim one allowance on your W-4, your employer will take less money out of your paycheck for federal taxes, but that doesn’t affect how much you owe. If you have any deductions or credits that apply to you, you may be able to get a tax refund or pay a difference. Stop having your employer take federal taxes out of your check.But if you landed a new job or had a major life milestone (a new baby, marriage, or employer), it’s a smart idea to revisit the withholdings on your W-4. Because how much you withhold on your personal income tax is directly related to your refund — or what you may owe at tax time, it’s worth the time to understand what it’s all about.Form W-4 indicates how much your employer should withhold from your pay for taxes based on information you provide. There are several types of Forms W-4, including Form W-4 (SP), Form W-4P, Form W-4S, and W-4V. You may owe a penalty if you pay too little in taxes throughout the year. Form W-4 was redesigned in 2020 to make it more …The employee claims exemption from withholding on their IRS Form W-4. The employee does not submit a completed Colorado form DR 0004 to the employer. Along with the copy of IRS Form W-4, the employer must submit a cover letter listing the employer’s name, address, federal employer identification number (FEIN), and the number of forms …§ 402.105 Exemption seven for withholding records: Law enforcement. We are not required to disclose information or records that the government has compiled for law enforcement purposes. The records may apply to actual or potential violations of either criminal or civil laws or regulations.Claiming an exemption from federal withholding is simple. Complete Form W-4 using the following steps: Step 1 – Enter your personal information. Step 2 – Enter multiple jobs or indicate if your spouse works. Step 3 – Claim dependents and other credits. Step 4 – Claim additional exemptions. To claim exemption from withholding, write ...Colorado form DR 0004 does not allow exempt claims, but an employee with federal withholding could have zero Colorado withholding if the annual allowance on form DR 0004 Line 2 is greater than or equal to the employee’s income. A nonresident spouse of a U.S. servicemember may claim exempt for Colorado withholding by completing form DR 1059.afl Check the first box if you qualify to claim exempt from withholding. You can claim exempt if you filed a Georgia income tax return last year and the amount of Line 4 of Form 500EZ or Line 16 of Form 500 was zero, and you expect to file a Georgia tax return this year and will not have a tax liability.

Exemption from Withholding. If an employee qualifies for exemption from withholding, the employee can use Form W-4 to tell the employer not to deduct any federal income tax from wages. This applies only to income tax, not to Social Security or Medicare tax. You can claim exemption from withholding only if both the following situations apply:

Feb 16, 2023 · Filing a Withholding Exemption. If you claim your retirement pay should be entirely exempt from Federal Income Tax Withholding (FITW), the IRS requires that you re-certify this status each year by submitting a new W-4 Form. If you do not re-certify your "Exempt" status, your FITW status will default to "Single" with zero exemptions. Aug 24, 2023 · The Bottom Line. Tax allowances were an important part of helping people reduce or increase the size of their paychecks. While they don’t exist on the W-4 anymore, it’s still very possible to affect the size of your paychecks by claiming additional withholding or deductions. Less withholding also means a bigger . Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate. ▷ Whether you're entitled to claim a certain number of allowances or exemption from withholding is subject to ...With certain exceptions, a nonresident alien cannot claim more than one personal exemption on Form W-4. For an explanation of the exceptions, refer to the "Exemptions" section on Figuring Your Tax. . Nonresident alien employees are required to fill out Form W-4 in the special way described at "Withholding Exemptions - Personal Exemptions - Form ... Why Check Your Withholding. There are several reasons to check your withholding: It can protect against having too little tax withheld and facing an unexpected tax bill or penalty at tax time next year. It can let you adjust your tax withheld up front, so you receive a bigger paycheck and smaller refund at tax time.Being exempt from federal withholding means your employer will not withhold federal income tax from your paycheck. When you claim certain deductions, they get subtracted from your annual gross ...EXEMPTION FROM WITHHOLDING: If you wish to claim exempt, complete the federal Form W-4 and the state DE 4. You may claim exempt from withholding California income tax if you meet both of the following conditions for exemption: 1. You did not owe any federal/state income tax last year, and 2. You do not expect to owe any federal/state income tax ...For 2023, you do not use the W-4 form to claim withholding allowances any longer. It has changed! You might be wondering what it means to claim a 0 or 1 on a W-4, but it’s important to note that in 2023, you don’t use the W-4 form to claim withholding allowances. This new rule applies whether you claim 1 or 0 on a W-4 form (or anything in ...This interview will help you determine if your wages are exempt from federal income tax withholding. Information You'll Need Information about your prior year income (a copy of your return if you filed one). An estimate of your income for the current year.

Ku texas football.

Arknights cn event.

For top 20,000 taxpayers, the tax rules in the Philippines provided an additional withholding tax obligation. For expenses or income payments to others that are not listed in the specific income payments subject to withholding taxes under Revenue Regulations No. 2-98, as amended, they are required to withhold as follows: Purchase …Oct 4, 2023 · General Information. When you hire an employee, you must have the employee complete a Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Certificate.Form W-4 tells you the employee's filing status, multiple jobs adjustments, amount of credits, amount of other income, amount of deductions, and any additional amount to withhold from each paycheck to use to compute the amount of federal income tax to deduct and ... Apr 24, 2023 · A withholding allowance is an exemption that reduces how much income tax an employer deducts from an employee’s paycheck. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-4 is used to calculate and... Do you expect to make over $12200 this year? If not, then you are probably fine claiming exempt. Otherwise, you probably shouldn't claim exempt. I am also confused with the term, tax exemption Being tax exempt means you expect to have $0 tax liability for the calendar year. This is based on your income, deductions and credits.To change your tax withholding you should: Complete a new Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate, and submit it to your employer. Complete a new Form W-4P, Withholding Certificate for Pension or Annuity Payments, and submit it to your payer. Make an additional or estimated tax payment to the IRS before the end of the year.14. Sufficient facts to justify the exemption from withholding claimed on line 12 and/or line 13: Write in the following: "I am a legal permanent resident of (name of country) and I am eligible to claim exemption from withholding based on the tax treaty between the US and (name of country for which you are claiming benefits)". 15.A withholding allowance is an exemption that reduces how much income tax an employer deducts from an employee’s paycheck. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-4 is used to calculate and...Exemption from withholding. You may claim exemption from withholding for 2019 if both of the following apply. • For 2018 you had a right to a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you had no tax liability, and For 2019 you expect a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you expect to have no tax liability.Aug 12, 2020 · Filing Exempt. If you are filing exempt for tax purposes, you will need to indicate as such on the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-4, which will estimate the amount that should be withheld from your paycheck depending on certain tax information that you provide. However, even if you only made $10 in the prior year, you cannot claim an ... Employees should execute a valid W-4 upon hire (and may, in some cases, also execute a separate state version of the W-4). The W-4 informs the employer of the employee's filing status (e.g., single, married, head of household), as well as the number of exemptions and personal allowances being claimed.Thus, the W-4 provides the employer with the … ….

his or her tax return, you cannot claim exemption from withholding if your income exceeds $950 and includes more than $300 of unearned income (for example, interest and dividends). Basic instructions. If you are not exempt, complete the Personal Allowances Worksheet below. The worksheets on pages 1 and 2 adjust your withholding …As noted above, you can claim an exemption from federal withholdings if you expect a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you expect to have no tax liability and had no tax liability in the previous tax year. How to claim exempt status on a W-4. To claim an exemption, you must complete only lines 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 and sign the form ... Note: August 2019 – this Fact Sheet has been updated to reflect changes to the Withholding Tool. FS-2019-4, March 2019 The federal income tax is a pay-as-you-go tax. Taxpayers pay the tax as they earn or receive income during the year. Taxpayers can avoid a surprise at tax time by checking their withholding amount.Exemption for persons age 65 or older: (Note: Nonresidents may not claim this exemption.) A married couple or a head of household with a total income for the year of $32,000 or less may file for exemption, if at least one spouse (in the case of a married couple) or the head of household is 65 years or older as of December 31 of the year. 4 ago 2023 ... If you want to get close to withholding your exact tax obligation, then claim 2 allowances for both you and your spouse, and then claim ...If you expect to have no federal income tax liability in 2020, you may be able to claim an exemption from 2020 federal tax withholding. If you claim exempt, there is no federal income tax on your paycheck. Why is no federal tax withheld from paycheck? You don’t have to pay federal income tax if you claim tax exemption on your W-4 form. If you ...Jun 15, 2023 · See Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Certificate and Can I Claim Exemption From Withholding on Form W-4? to determine if you may claim exemption from income tax withholding. Consider completing a new Form W-4 each year and when your personal or financial situation changes. Exemption from Withholding. If an employee qualifies for exemption from withholding, the employee can use Form W-4 to tell the employer not to deduct any federal income tax from wages. This applies only to income tax, not to Social Security or Medicare tax. You can claim exemption from withholding only if both the following situations apply:Q14. If I meet the conditions to claim exempt from North Carolina withholding, why do I have to complete a new NC-4EZ or NC-4 each year? A14. North Carolina law requires income tax to be withheld from all wages; however, the law does allow an exemption from withholding if certain conditions are met. Because Aug 24, 2023 · The Bottom Line. Tax allowances were an important part of helping people reduce or increase the size of their paychecks. While they don’t exist on the W-4 anymore, it’s still very possible to affect the size of your paychecks by claiming additional withholding or deductions. Less withholding also means a bigger . Why would you claim exemption from withholding, You may claim exemption from withholding for 2022 if you meet both of the following conditions: you had no federal income tax liability in 2021 and you expect …, A dependent, for whom you have claimed an exemption, must be dropped for federal purposes. The death of a spouse or a dependent for whom you have claimed an exemption. This does not affect your withholding until the next year, but a new certificate should be filed by December 1st of the year in which the death occurs. Marriage, birth …, You may enter “0” if you are married, and have a working spouse or more than one job to avoid having too little tax withheld. • Enter “1” to claim yourself, and ..., At a Glance: Filing exempt on a W-4 means that you are claiming exemption from federal income tax withholding. If you meet certain criteria, such as …, You may be exempt from withholding if any of the four conditions below are met: 1. You may be exempt from withholding for 2021 if both the following apply: • For 2020, you had a right to a refund of all Kentucky income tax withheld because you had no Kentucky income tax liability, and • For 2021, you expect a refund of all your Kentucky income tax …, Oct 4, 2023 · General Information. When you hire an employee, you must have the employee complete a Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Certificate.Form W-4 tells you the employee's filing status, multiple jobs adjustments, amount of credits, amount of other income, amount of deductions, and any additional amount to withhold from each paycheck to use to compute the amount of federal income tax to deduct and ... , Dec 8, 2020 · The more allowances you claim, the less your employer will withhold from each check and send to the government. If you want to claim complete exemption from withholding, you still need to file a W-4. To claim exemption from withholding, write “exempt” on your W-4 in the space below Step 4 (c). Then, complete steps 1 (a), 1 (b), and 5. , For 2023, you do not use the W-4 form to claim withholding allowances any longer. It has changed! You might be wondering what it means to claim a 0 or 1 on a W-4, but it’s important to note that in 2023, you don’t use the W-4 form to claim withholding allowances. This new rule applies whether you claim 1 or 0 on a W-4 form (or anything in ..., 14. Sufficient facts to justify the exemption from withholding claimed on line 12 and/or line 13: Write in the following: "I am a legal permanent resident of (name of country) and I am eligible to claim exemption from withholding based on the tax treaty between the US and (name of country for which you are claiming benefits)". 15., Defining Tax Exempt Tax-exempt refers to income or transactions that are free from tax at the federal, state, or local level. The reporting of tax-free items may be on a taxpayer’s individual or business tax return and shown for informational purposes only. The tax-exempt article is not part of any tax calculations., Enter the Withholding Code on Line 1 below. Check if you are claiming the MSRRA exemption and enter state of legal residence/domicile: ..., Employers calculate the amount of taxes withheld from each paycheck by taking several factors into account, including the frequency of the payroll period, employee’s marital status, amount of claimed exemptions and amount of the payment, ac..., claim exemption from withholding, when to use the online estimator, and privacy. Step 2: Multiple Jobs or Spouse Works. Complete this step if you (1) hold more than one job at a time, or (2) are married filing jointly and your spouse also works. The correct amount of withholding depends on income earned from all of these jobs. Do . only one. of the …, This interview will help you determine if your wages are exempt from federal income tax withholding. Information You'll Need Information about your prior year …, Exemption for persons age 65 or older: (Note: Nonresidents may not claim this exemption.) A married couple or a head of household with a total income for the year of $32,000 or less may file for exemption, if at least one spouse (in the case of a married couple) or the head of household is 65 years or older as of December 31 of the year., Exemption from Withholding. If a tax treaty between the United States and the foreign individual's (payee's) country of residence provides an exemption from, or a reduced rate of, withholding for certain items of income, the payee should notify the payor of the income (the withholding agent) of the payee's foreign status to claim the benefits of the treaty. , Nov 30, 2022 · You can claim an exemption from withholding on a W-4 form. There isn't a special line for this on the form, but you can claim it by writing "Exempt" in the space below Line 4(c) if... , Exempt Tax Meaning. The IRS only allows you to claim that you're exempt from income tax withholding if you meet two conditions. First, you can't have owed any income taxes for the prior year. Second, you must expect not to owe any taxes for the current year. When the IRS says you don't owe any taxes, it doesn't just mean that you …, Minnesota Withholding for Employees. If you are an employee, make sure you have the correct amount of Minnesota income tax withheld from your pay. Changing your Minnesota withholding may change your refund or amount due when filing your Minnesota income tax return. Change Minnesota Withholding [+] Exempt from Minnesota Withholding [+] If you ..., Form W-4 tells an employer the amount to withhold from an employee's paycheck for federal tax purposes. When you file as exempt from withholding with your ..., Both individual income taxes and sales taxA sales tax is levied on retail sales of goods and services and, ideally, should apply to all final consumption with few exemptions. Many governments exempt goods like groceries; base broadening, such as including groceries, could keep rates lower. A sales tax should exempt business-to-business ..., status. If you claim exemption, you will have no income tax withheld from your paycheck and may owe taxes and penalties when you file your 2022 tax return. To claim exemption from withholding, certify that you meet both of the conditions above by writing “Exempt” on Form W-4 in the space below Step 4(c). Then, complete Steps 1(a), 1(b), and 5., Claiming an exemption from federal withholding is simple. Complete Form W-4 using the following steps: Step 1 – Enter your personal information. Step 2 – Enter multiple jobs or indicate if your spouse works. Step 3 – Claim dependents and other credits. Step 4 – Claim additional exemptions. To claim exemption from withholding, write ..., The employee claims exemption from withholding on their IRS Form W-4. The employee does not submit a completed Colorado form DR 0004 to the employer. Along with the copy of IRS Form W-4, the employer must submit a cover letter listing the employer’s name, address, federal employer identification number (FEIN), and the number of forms …, Technically, you can claim as many allowances as you want—you could even claim 100. However, you could be penalized by the IRS for withholding too much tax. It’s called an “underpayment penalty.”. Ideally, you want to pay at least 90% of your owed tax throughout the year., Aug 31, 2015 · The new law, effective Sept. 1, 2015, requires employers to withhold state income taxes from all employees, including those who were previously exempt. Any employee who has a Form A-4E on file with an employer needs to complete and provide their employer with a Form A-4 (2014 revision). All employees must now file an annual income tax return ... , Although not paying into the Social Security program can increase your take-home pay, it can also lead to less supplemental income in retirement.If you have the option to take an exemption from Social Security, make sure you consider the short- and long-term implications of not doing so, especially when it comes to navigating your post-working life., Exemptions for dependents. You generally can take an exemption for each of your dependents. A dependent is your qualifying child or qualifying relative. You must list the social security number of any dependent for whom you claim an exemption. How do I claim exempt on my taxes? To claim exempt, you must submit a W-4 Form. Do not …, Exemption from Withholding. If an employee qualifies for exemption from withholding, the employee can use Form W-4 to tell the employer not to deduct any federal income tax from wages. This applies only to income tax, not to Social Security or Medicare tax. You can claim exemption from withholding only if both the following situations apply:, Jan 25, 2023 · There is the personal exemption, of which you can claim one for yourself and one for your spouse; as well as the dependent exemption, which you can claim for each qualifying child and qualifying relative. See previous sections for how such dependents are defined. For tax years 2017 and previous, you could claim an unlimited number of exemptions. , Exemption from Federal Taxes. You could be exempt from federal withholding, leading to no tax being withheld. Check your status with your employer’s tax settings. However, being exempt from federal income tax doesn’t exempt you from other taxable wages. Your W2 will still reflect all taxable earnings. Working Across State Lines, Feb 2, 2023 · It is a tax of 1.45% on your earnings, and employers typically have to withhold an extra 0.9% on money you earn over $200,000. FUTA tax: This stands for Federal Unemployment Tax Act. The tax funds ... , employee is believed to have claimed excess exemption, the Department of Revenue should be advised. 4. Dependents. 5. Age and blindness. You may claim $1,500 ...